非酒精性脂肪肝病(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)已成为全球最常见的慢性肝病,其患病率逐年升高。大多数NAFLD患者只患有简单的脂肪变性,肝脏中脂质积累,但其中一部分人会发展为非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH),其特征是纤维化、炎症和肝细胞死亡。如果放任不管,NASH可能会发展为肝硬化和肝细胞癌,甚至导致死亡。NAFLD患病率的上升导致了严重的社会和经济问题。烟酰胺核糖(Nicotinamide Riboside, NR)是烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide, NAD)的前体,在体内可以介导多种健康效应,补充NR可以减轻酒精引起的肝损伤,防止肝纤维化,并促进肝脏再生。本文对烟酰胺核糖用于治疗NAFLD的研究进行综述,旨在为烟酰胺核糖在临床治疗和保健品开发方面提供一定的科学依据。Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, with its prevalence increasing year by year. Most NAFLD patients suffer from simple fatty degeneration, characterized by lipid accumulation in the liver. However, a portion of these patients may progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is marked by fibrosis, inflammation, and hepatocyte death. If left untreated, NASH can lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and even result in mortality. The rising prevalence of NAFLD has led to significant social and economic issues. Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and can mediate various health effects within the body. Supplementing NR can alleviate alcohol-induced liver injury, prevent liver fibrosis, and promote liver regeneration. This article reviews the research on nicotinamide riboside in the treatment of NAFLD, aiming to provide scientific support for its clinical application and the development of health supplements.
