Carbofuran insecticide is one of the insecticides most often used by Indonesian farmers.The United Nations Environment Program(UNEP)2011 in the decision of UNEP/FAO/RC/CRC.11/6,agreed that the active ingredient Carbofuran is dangerous to human health and the environment.P.fluorescens bacteria are known to be able to remediate carbofuran-contaminated soil.This study examines more deeply the biodegradation and biotransformation processes of Carbofuran in P.fluorescens bacteria.The research was carried out at the Laboratory of Plant Diseases,Faculty of Agriculture,Brawijaya University;Analytical Chemistry Laboratory,State Polytechnic of Malang;and Analytical Chemistry Laboratory,Udayana University from February to August 2020.The results showed that P.fluorescens was able to degrade the insecticide Carbofuran in liquid media up to 82%and the growth of P.fluorescens bacteria reached 2.9×10^(12) CFU/mL,bacteria P.fluorescens is able to degrade the insecticide Carbofuran in a mixture of soil and compost up to 85%and the growth of P.fluorescens bacteria reaches 7.5 x 1013 CFU/mL,resulting in Carbofuran insecticide derivatives from the biotransformation process,there are 3-hydroxy-7-phenol;2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2,2,7-triol;(2Z)-2-[(2Z)-pent-2-en-1-ylidene]butane-1,4,4-trio;7-phenol;2,2,3-trihydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl hydrogen carbonate;2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl acetate;7-(hydroxymethoxy)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2,2,3,5-tetrol;3-hidroksi-2-fenilpropil Carbamat;2-(3-hydroperoxy-2-hydroxyphenyl)ethane-1,1-diol,3-keto-7-fenol;4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one;3-hydroxy-carbofuran;and 7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3,5-diol.Carbofuran derivative compounds from the biodegradation of P.fluorescens bacteria are less toxic than the active ingredient Carbofuran.
目的通过气相色谱-质谱法对急性克百威食物中毒事件进行快速检测。方法17份可疑样品经乙酸乙酯快速萃取,离心后取上清液,Rxi-5ms色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm)分离,应用全扫描模式(full scan,Scan)和谱库检索定性中毒物质,通过QuEChERS法前处理和选择离子扫描模式(selective ion monitoring,SIM),外标法定量。结果在凉粉残留物、1份洗胃液、1份血液及2份不明白色粉末样品中均检出氨基甲酸酯类农药克百威及其中间体呋喃酚,其他样品均未检出,凉粉残留物中克百威质量浓度为253.0μg/mL,呋喃酚质量浓度为546.6μg/mL。克百威及呋喃酚在0~5.0μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r>0.999),检出限(limits of detection,LODs)分别为0.0014~0.0344μg/mL、0.0016~0.0217μg/mL,定量限(limits of quantitation,LOQs)分别为0.0048~0.1146μg/mL、0.0053~0.0722μg/mL,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviations,RSDs)分别为4.6%~6.6%、3.5%~7.6%。在0.25、0.50、1.00μg/mL3个浓度水平的平均加标回收率为81.4%~107.1%,RSDs为1.9%~7.6%。结论此方法操作简单、灵敏度高、稳定性好,为急性食物中毒事件提供了快速、高效的检测方法。
