Oyster(Crassostrea gigas),the main ingredient of oyster sauce,has a strong umami taste.In this study,three potential umami peptides,FLNQDEEAR(FR-9),FNKEE(FE-5),and EEFLK(EK-5),were identified and screened from the alcoholic extracts of the oyster using nano-HPLC-MS/MS analysis,i Umami-Scoring Card Method(i Umami-SCM)database and molecular docking(MD).Sensory evaluation and electronic tongue analysis were further used to confirm their tastes.The threshold of the three peptides ranged from 0.38 to 0.55 mg/m L.MD with umami receptors T1R1/T1R3 indicated that the electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bond interaction were the main forces involved.Besides,the Phe592 and Gln853 of T1R3 were the primary docking site for MD and played an important role in umami intensity.Peptides with two Glu residues at the terminus had stronger umami,especially at the C-terminus.These results contribute to the understanding of umami peptides in oysters and the interaction mechanism between umami peptides and umami receptors.
Baifeng FuDi WuShuzhen ChengXianbing XuLing ZhangLishu WangHeshanm REl-SeediHanxiong LiuMing Du
为了比较牡蛎酶解提取物(enzymolysis extract of oyster,EPO)、牡蛎肽(oyster peptide,OP)和牡蛎水提取物(oyster water extract,WPO)的抗衰老作用,首先进行了基本成分的测定,继而以秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans)为动物模型,研究3种牡蛎提取物对线虫的寿命、生殖、脂褐素积累、运动能力、急性氧化应激损伤及体内氧化还原水平等指标的影响。结果表明,EPO、OP和WPO的基本成分有一定的差异,但主要成分均为蛋白质,其中OP的总蛋白质含量最高,为(66.59±0.57)g/100 g干基;与空白组相比,低中高浓度(50、200、800μg/mL)的EPO、OP和WPO均能延长线虫寿命,但低浓度作用不显著,仅OP能呈浓度依赖性地显著增加线虫的产卵量(P<0.05),最高可增加80.2%;3种提取物均能显著降低线虫体内脂褐素的积累(P<0.05),并呈剂量依赖性,最高可达98.15%;高浓度的3种提取物均能显著改善衰老线虫的运动能力(P<0.05),还能显著提高百草枯损伤线虫的存活率及线虫体内谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活力,降低丙二醛含量(89.2%~98.2%)(P<0.05),其作用大小顺序为OP>EPO>WPO。因此,3种不同牡蛎提取物均表现出抗衰老作用,但作用强度有差异,OP的表现最好,研究结果可为进一步开发牡蛎抗衰老食品提供参考。
