The blast wave model with Tsallis statistics is used to analyze the transverse momentum spectra of protons(p),deuterons(d),and tritons(t)in√S_(NN)=200 GeV gold-gold(Au-Au)collisions at the RHIC in various centrality bins.In particular transverse momentum ranges,the model results closely match experimental data from the PHENIX(p)and STAR(d and t)collaborations.The data are compared with those of protons obtained in Cu+Cu collisions and deuterons and tritons in Ru+Ru collisions at a center of mass energy of 200 GeV from the STAR collaboration.Particle spectra are used to derive the kinetic freeze-out temperatures,transverse flow velocities,and freeze-out volumes.According to the findings,the kinetic freeze-out temperature increases from the central to peripheral collisions.In this transition,the transverse flow velocity and freeze-out volume both decrease.For the collisions of both collaborations,this study reveals mass-dependent kinetic freeze-out temperature and differential volume possibilities.Overall,the non-extensivity parameter q decreases with increasing centrality of the studied heavy-ion collisions,and heavier mass particles have smaller values of q,which implies higher degrees of thermalization and equilibrium in more central collisions and for heavier particles.
In the paper,we discuss the development of the multigap resistive plate chamber time-of-fight(TOF)technology and the production of the solenoidal tracker at RHIC(STAR)TOF detector in China at the beginning of the twenty-frst century.Subsequently,recent experimental results from the frst beam energy scan program(BES-I)at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider(RHIC)pertaining to measurements of collectivity,chirality,criticality,global polarization,strangeness,heavy favor,dilepton and light nuclei productions are reviewed.
