Great efforts has been made on fabricating photonic crystals （PCs） with photonic band gaps （PBGs） during the past decade. Three-dimensional （3D） log pile PC was fabricated fast by direct femtosecond laser writing in ORMOCER. Qualitative analysis of the errors of PC was investigated using the Image Pro Plus. Surface qualities such as bending, distortion, and surface roughness were shown, and the band gap in the infrared wavelength region was observed. Meanwhile, the theory was experimentally verified that the center of PBG diminishes as the crystal lattice period reduces. Therefore, it is possible to fabricate PCs whose band gap range is from the near-infrared to visible wave band.
Functionality represents a blueprint of a product and plays a crucial role in problem-solving such as design.This article discusses the model representation from the angle of functional ontology by function deployment.We construct a framework of functional ontology which decomposes the function and contains a library of vocabulary to comprehensively represent the conceptual design model.The ontology enables the automatic identification system to search in the functional space.Furthermore,the functional ontology can form a systematic representation for the model so that it can be reused in the conceptual design and can be applied in the domain of knowledge fusion in our further work.
Different types of femtosecond optical tweezers have become a powerful tool in the modern biological field. However, how to control the irregular targets, including biological cells, using femtosecond optical tweezers remains to be explored. In this study, human red blood cells （hRBCs） are manipulated with femtosecond optical tweezers, and their states under different laser powers are investigated. The results indicate that optical potential traps only can capture the edge of hRBCs under the laser power from 1.4 to 2.8 mW, while it can make hRBCs turn over with the laser power more than 2.8 mW. It is suggested that femtosecond optical tweezers could not only manipulate biological cells, but also subtly control its states by adjusting the laser power.
