The influences of an external magnetic field on the optical properties of the TEB30A nematic liquid crystal doped with thulium oxides （Gd203, Dy203, Nd203, Y203, and Sm203） are studied. It is shown that a magnetic field applied parallelly to the sample cell surface leads to the rotational orientation of mesogenes. All samples except for the sample doped with Sm203 nanoparticles undergo structural deformations. The behavior of the TEB30A/Sm203 differs from those of the TEB30A liquid crystal doped with other four nanoparticles. The presence of Sm203 nanoparticles in the TEB30A liquid crystal does not cause the structural deformation of the liquid crystal matrix. At the same time, the anchoring type of the liquid crystal molecules on the nanoparticle surface is different. The director n is parallel to the magnetic moment/~ in the TEB30A/Sm203, and inclined to the magnetic moment/~ in the TEB30A/Nd203, and perpendicular to the magnetic moment/~ in each of TEB30A/Gd203, TEB30A/Dy203, and TEB30A/Y203. Besides, the dependence of the structural deformation on the critical magnetic field for the TEB30A is obtained.
The magnetic and electrical properties of nonmagnetic Ga＋3 ion substitution for Mn site are investigated in the bilayer manganite La1.2Sr1.8Mn2-xGaxO7. When the Mn is substituted by Ga, the ferromagnetic property obviously weakens, the magnetic transition temperature decreases and a spin-glass behaviour occurs at low temperature. Meanwhile, doping causes the resistivity to dramatically increase, the metal-insulator transition temperature to disappear, and a greater magneto-resistance effect to occur at low temperature. These effects result from the fact that Ga substitution dilutes the magnetic active Mn-O-Mn network and weakens the double exchange interaction, and further suppresses ferromagnetic ordering and metallic conduction.
The effect of Dy substitution for La site in layered manganese oxides La1.3-xDyxSr1.7Mn2O7 on the magnetic and electrical properties has been investigated. With the La3＋ substituting by Dy^3＋, the long range three-dimensional ferromagnetism transition and the insulator-metal transition disappear. These effects are attributed to the lattice distortion due to the substitution of the smaller Dy^3＋. Addtionally, the small Dy^3＋ is inclined to occupy the R site which is in the rock-salt layer, then the distribution of La, Sr, Dy ions in Dy-doped sample should be more orderly than that in Lal.3Sr1.7Mn2O7, so there is only one insulator-metal transition in the ρ-T curve of the sample with x = 0.05 and x = 0.1.
