目的:研究炎症因子chemerin在有氧运动改善动脉粥样硬化大鼠血脂和主动脉硬化中的作用。方法:将30只雄性SD大鼠随机分为2组,AS造模组20只,采用一次性腹腔注射维生素D3(60万IU/kg)联合8周高脂饲料喂养的方法制备AS大鼠模型;正常对照组(Con)10只,腹腔一次性注射等量的生理盐水,并喂以8周普通饲料。建模成功的AS大鼠被随机分为AS组和运动+AS(EAS)组。EAS组大鼠在跑台上进行为期4周中等强度的有氧运动,每周运动6 d。油红O染色和HE染色检测AS程度,全自动生化分析仪检测大鼠血脂(血清TC、TG、LDL、HDL水平),ELISA检测血清chemerin水平,以及real time PCR和Western blot检测大鼠肝脏chemerin的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果:(1)与Con组相比,AS组大鼠出现血脂紊乱(血清TC、TG、LDL水平显著升高,HDL显著降低),以及主动脉粥样斑块,斑块处血管中膜的平滑肌细胞增生、排列紊乱,但AS组大鼠的空腹血糖无变化。(2)与AS组相比,EAS组大鼠的TC、TG、LDL水平显著降低、主动脉AS的大体和镜下病理改变均显著减轻;肾周脂肪量显著减少,以及空腹血糖无变化。(3)与Con组相比,AS组大鼠的血清chemerin、肝chemerin的mRNA和蛋白水平均显著升高。(4)与AS组相比,EAS组大鼠的血清chemerin、肝chemerin的mRNA和蛋白水平均显著降低。结论:AS大鼠的血清chemerin、肝chemerin的mRNA和蛋白水平均显著升高;4周有氧运动改善AS大鼠的血脂、减少肾周脂肪量和减轻AS程度,这可能与其降低血清和肝的chemerin水平有关。
Purpose: To investigate the effects of Tribulus terrestris(TT) extracts on muscle mass, muscle damage, and anaerobic performances of trained male boxers and its mechanisms: roles of plasma androgen, insulin growth factor 1(IGF-1), and IGF-1 binding protein-3(IGFBP-3).Methods: Fifteen male boxers were divided into exercise group(E, n = 7) and exercise plus TT group(E + TT, n = 8). The 2 groups both undertook3-week high-intensity and 3-week high-volume trainings separated by a 4-week rest. TT extracts(1250 mg/day) were orally administered by boxers in E + TT group. TT extract compositions were detected by UHPLC–Q-TOF/MS. Before and at the end of the 2 trainings, muscle mass, anaerobic performance, and blood indicators were explored.Results: Compared with E group, decreases of plasma CK(1591.5 ± 909.6 U/L vs. 2719.9 ± 832.5 U/L) and IGFBP-3(3075.5 ± 1072.5 ng/m L vs. 3950.8 ± 479.3 ng/m L) as well as increases of mean power(MP, 459.4 ± 122.3 W vs. 434.6 ± 69.5 W) and MP/body weight(MP/BW, 7.5 ± 0.9 W/kg vs. 7.1 ± 1.1 W/kg) were detected in E + TT group after a high-intensity training. For high-volume training, reduction of IGFBP-3(2946.4 ± 974.1 ng/m L vs. 3632.7 ± 470.1 ng/m L) and increases of MP(508.7 ± 103.2 W vs. 477.8 ± 49.9 W) and MP/BW(8.2 ± 0.3 W/kg vs.7.5 ± 0.9 W/kg) were detected in E + TT group, compared with E group. Muscle mass, blood levels of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone(DHT),and IGF-1 were not signifiantly changed between the 2 groups.Conclusion: Taking 1250 mg capsules containing TT extracts did not change muscle mass and plasma levels of testosterone, DHT, and IGF-1 but significantly alleviated muscle damage and promoted anaerobic performance of trained male boxers, which may be related to the decrease of plasma IGFBP-3 rather than androgen in plasma.
