Background Over the past two decades,the clinical presentation of renal masses has evolved,where the rising incidence of small renal masses （SRMs） and concomitant minimal invasive treatments have led to noteworthy changes in paradigm of kidney cancer.This study was to perform a proportional meta-analysis of observational studies on perioperative complications and oncological outcomes of partial nephrectomy （PN） and radiofrequency ablation （RFA）.Methods The US National Library of Medicine＇s life science database （Medline） and the Web of Science were exhaustly searched before August 1,2013.Clinical stage 1 SRMs that were treated with PN or RFA were included,and perioperative complications and oncological outcomes of a total of 9 565 patients were analyzed.Results Patients who underwent RFA were significantly older （P ＜0.001）.In the subanalysis of stage T1 tumors,the major complication rate of PN was greater than that of RFA （laparoscopic partial nephrectomy （LPN）/robotic partial nephrectomy （RPN）：7.2％,open partial nephrectomy （OPN）：7.9％,RFA：3.1％,both P ＜0.001）.Minor complications occurred more frequently after RFA （RFA：13.8％,LPN/RPN：7.5％,OPN：9.5％,both P ＜0.001）.By multivariate analysis,the relative risks for minor complications of RFA,compared with LPN and OPN,were 1.7-fold and 1.5-fold greater （both P ＜0.01）,respectively.Patients treated with RFA had a greater local progression rate than those treated by PN （RFA：4.6％,LPN/RPN：1.2％,OPN：1.9％,both P ＜0.001）.By multivariate analysis,the local tumor progression for RFA versus LPN/RPN and OPN were 4.5-fold and 3.1-fold greater,respectively （both P ＜0.001）.Conclusions The current data illustrate that both PN and RFA are viable strategies for the treatment of SRMs.Compared with PN,RFA showed a greater risk of local tumor progression but a lower major complication rate,which is considered better for poor candidates.PN is with no doubt the golden treatment for SRMs,and LPN h
Erythropoietin（EPO） is a circulating glycosylated protein hormone and has been implicated in the development and progression of non-hematopoietic tissue tumors.The objective of the present study was to determine if the EPO rs576236 polymorphism was associated with the risk of adrenal tumors.We genotyped the EPO rs576236 polymorphism in a case-control study of 288 adrenal tumor patients and 456 cancer-free controls by using the TaqMan method,and assessed the association between the polymorphism and the adrenal tumor risk by logistic regression.Furthermore,95%confidence interval（CI） was used to assess the genetic association between the polymorphism and the risk of adrenal tumor.Compared with the TT genotype,the TC genotype had a significantly increased risk of adrenal tumor[adjusted odds ratio（OR） = 1.24,95%CI = 1.12-2.22].Furthermore a significantly increased risk of adrenal tumor was found in the combined variant genotypes TC＋CC compared with the TT genotype（adjusted OR = 1.17,95%CI = 1.12-2.21）.Our present study suggests that the rs576236 polymorphism of EPO confers susceptibility to adrenal tumor in the Chinese population.
