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国家自然科学基金(30300220)

作品数:4 被引量:54H指数:4
相关作者:严长杰韦存虚谢佩松曾秀红严松更多>>
相关机构:扬州大学教育部连云港市农业局更多>>
发文基金:国家自然科学基金国家重点基础研究发展计划更多>>
相关领域:农业科学一般工业技术生物学更多>>

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水稻脆性突变体叶的解剖结构和化学特性被引量:12
2008年
植物机械强度是一个十分重要的农艺性状,为了解作物控制机械强度的机制,本文对一个水稻脆性突变体[bc7(t)]叶进行了细胞学观察及叶细胞化学组成分析。光镜和电镜观察都发现突变体厚壁细胞的细胞壁变薄;对细胞壁成分的化学分析显示突变体纤维素含量明显低于对照,硅含量明显升高,而木质素变化不明显;木质素的组化反应也显示了木质素在突变体和对照之间差异不大;X-射线微区分析表明,硅元素在突变体叶表面明显提高。上述结果表明,突变体叶纤维素含量的降低影响了厚壁细胞次生壁的形成,导致细胞壁变薄,机械强度降低,硅含量的升高有助于突变体增强机械强度。
韦存虚谢佩松周卫东陈义芳严长杰
关键词:水稻纤维素
一个新的水稻卷叶突变体rl_(9(t))的遗传分析和基因定位被引量:29
2005年
对水稻中调控形态发育的基因进行发掘和研究是进行水稻株型改良和植物生长发育分子生物学研究的重要基础研究工作.本研究在粳稻中花11中鉴别了一个新的卷叶突变体,并对其进行了遗传分析和基因定位.结果表明,该卷叶突变体是由一隐性单位点(rl9(t))控制,利用SSR标记已经把Rl9(t)定位在水稻第9染色体上.利用已经公布的水稻基因组序列,在Rl9(t)附近区域发展了30个新的STS标记,对Rl9(t)进行了精细定位.以此为基础,构建了覆盖Rl9(t)区域的PAC重叠群,并把目标基因定位在一个约42kb的区段上,为最终克隆目标基因奠定了基础.
严长杰严松张正球梁国华陆驹飞顾铭洪
关键词:SATIVA分子标记物理图谱基因定位
Fine Mapping and Isolation of Bc7(t),Allelic to OsCesA4被引量:11
2007年
Several brittle culm mutants of rice were identified and characterized. In this study, we characterized a brittle mutant (bc7(t)) identified from japonica variety Zhonghua 11 by means of ^60Co-γ radiation. This mutant displays normal phenotype similar to its wild type plants except for the fragility of all plant body, with - 10% decrease in the cellulose content. The genetic analysis and gene fine mapping showed that the bc7(t) mutant was controlled by a recessive gene, residing on an 8.4 kb region of the long arm of chromosome 1. The gene annotation indicated that there was only one putative gene encoding cellulose synthase catalytic subunit (CesA) in this region, which was allelic to OsCesA4. Furthermore, the sequence analysis was carried out and 7 bases deletion in the junction of exon 10 and intron 10 was done in bc7(t) mutant, resulting in the change of reading frame and the consequent failure to generate functional protein. In addition, the result of RNA interference experiment showed that when the Bc7(t) was knocked down, the transplants exhibited fragility, similar to bc7(t) mutant. The finding of novel allele of OsCesA4 locus will facilitate the understanding of the mechanism of cell wall biosynthesis. The potential utilization of the bc7(t) mutant in animal food was discussed as well.
严长杰严松曾秀红张正球顾铭洪
关键词:RNAI
The Source of Genes Related to Rice Grain Starch Synthesis Among Cultivated Varieties and Its Contribution to Quality被引量:4
2007年
The property of starch in rice grain endosperm is a very important determinant for rice quality, and it is essential to understand the genetic effect of the genes related to starch synthesis in high-yielding rice varieties for rice quality improvement. The physicochemical properties (e.g., amylose content, gel consistency, and RVA profile) were assessed on 53 rice varieties, including certain typical indica/japonica landraces and certain high-yielding modern varieties. And molecular markers for Sbel, Sbe3 developed on the basis of sequence diversities between the rice subspecies indica and japonica, together with PCR-Acc I marker for Wx gene were used to investigate the genotypes of 53 rice cultivars. The result showed that the developed molecular markers for Wx, Sbel, Sbe3 could distinguish indica or japonica alleles at three loci. Among all the 53 rice cultivars, six genotypes were observed when Sbel, Sbe3, and Wx loci were considered together, while the genotypes of WxiSbelJSbe3i and WxiSbelJSbe3J were absent. In order to explore the genetic effects of the three genes, especially for starch branching enzyme genes, ANOVA and multiple comparison analysis were conducted. The results showed that rice cultivars with different genotypes exhibited different phenotypes, including amylose content, gel consistency and certain RVA characteristics, and the significant differences among the six genotypes were observed. It was concluded that these three genes had randomly recombined during the process of the rice variety development. And the genetic effects of indica and japonica alleles at three gene loci were different, of which, Wx gene plays a major role in determining the starch properties, followed by Sbel and Sbe3, and the genetic effects of Sbel and Sbe3 in different backgrounds (Wx~, WxJ) are different. The results have provided a clue for rice good quality variety development, and the molecular markers will benefit to the improvement in quality of rice.
YAN Chang-jieTIANShunZHANG Zheng-qiuHAN Yue-pengCHEN FengLI XinGU Ming-hong
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