Aiming at the fatigue and comfort issues of human-machine contact interface in automobile driving and based on physiological and anatomical principle, the physiological and biochemical process of muscles and nerves in the formation and development of fatigue is analyzed systematically. The fatigue-causing physiological characteristic indexes are mapped to biomechanical indexes like muscle stress-strain, the compression deformation of blood vessels and nerves etc. from the perspective of formation mechanism. The geometrical model of skeleton and parenchyma is established by applying CT-scanned body data and MRI images. The general rule of comfort body pressure distribution is acquired through the analysis of anatomical structure of buttocks and femoral region. The comprehensive test platform for sitting comfort of 3D adjustable contact interface is constructed. The test of body pressure distribution of human-machine contact interface and its comparison with subjective evaluation indicates that the biomechanical indexes of automobile driving human-machine contact interface and body pressure distribution rule studied can effectively evaluate the fatigue and comfort issues of human-machine contact interface and provide theoretical basis for the optimal design of human-machine contact interface.
根据人体肌肉硬度与肌肉舒适度具有因果关系的生理学特性,进行了由一组志愿者参与的、旨在研究操控件不同布局设计下人体静态姿势对肌肉硬度影响的试验。利用肌肉硬度仪测量了一组受试者在不同静态操作姿势下人体各相关肌肉硬度的变化情况,得到不同姿势下肌肉硬度的变化规律。通过对试验测得的肌肉硬度数据进行归一化处理并依据相关肌肉横断面积进行加权计算,给出肌肉舒适指数的概念;针对人体上身2自由度、3自由度关节动作情况,分别给出综合肌肉舒适指数的计算方法;最终提出了基于肌肉硬度试验数据的人体舒适度评价准则(Assessment system based on muscle hardness experiments,ASMH)。通过与工程中广泛采用的快速上肢评价准则(Rapid upper limb assessment,RULA)对比可知,此评价准则的准确度和适用性有所提高,评分值范围增加为1至12,评价等级增加至六个等级,更适合于操控件布局设计的人机工程学优化设计。
