Angle-domain common-image gathers（ADCIGs） are the basic data in migration velocity analysis（MVA） and amplitude variation with angle（AVA） analysis. We propose a common-angle gather-generating scheme using Kirchhoff PSDM based on the traveltime gradient field. The scheme includes three major operations：（1） to calculate the traveltime field of the source and the receiver based on the dynamic programming approach;（2） to obtain the refl ection angle according to the traveltime gradient field in the image space; and（3） to generate the ADCIGs during the migration process. Because of the computation approach, the method for generating ADCIGs is superior to conventional ray-based methods. We use the proposed ADCIGs generation method in 3D large-scale seismic data. The key points of the method are the following.（1） We use common-shot datasets for migration,（2） we load traveltimes based on the shot aperture, and（3） we use the MPI and Open Mp memory sharing to decrease the amount of input and output（I/O）. Numerical examples using synthetic data suggest that the ADCIGs improve the quality of the velocity and the effectiveness of the 3D angle-gather generation scheme.
地下缝洞型储层及非规则矿体的地震响应表现为绕射波,在成像域倾角道集中进行反射波压制,有利于这些目标体绕射波成像。利用逆时偏移(Reverse Time Migration,RTM)和Kirchhoff积分偏移分别进行倾角道集的提取,在倾角域分析两种典型成像方法对绕射波的成像能力。研究表明,在倾角域RTM比Kirchhoff积分偏移算子具有更强的反射波聚焦能力,有利于成像过程中对反射波的压制。具体而言,采用波印廷矢量方法在RTM过程中进行倾角道集输出;在RTM提取的倾角道集中反射波能量聚焦为孤立的"噪点",绕射波则表现为一条拉平的直线。基于两者形态的差异,在倾角域进行中值滤波能有效分离绕射波与反射波,进而实现RTM绕射波成像。数值实验结果验证了文中方法的正确性和有效性。
