糖尿病是常见的代谢性疾病,2型糖尿病(T2DM)在发病过程中,容易产生不同程度的认知功能障碍,主要集中在注意力及记忆力减退和信息处理速度及执行能力减低,严重者会出现痴呆等。但目前T2DM认知障碍发生过程中脑部变化特征以及发病机制尚未完成阐明。磁共振在T2DM认知障碍脑结构改变研究中具有重要作用。随着磁共振技术的进步,一些高级成像技术如扩散量成像、灌注加权成像及血氧水平依赖功能磁共振成像、波谱成像等广泛应用于T2DM脑病的研究。本文对磁共振评估T2DM合并认知障碍脑结构改变情况进行综述。Diabetes is a common metabolic disease. During the course of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), patients are prone to develop cognitive impairment to varying degrees. This mainly manifests as decreased attention and memory, as well as reduced information processing speed and executive function. In severe cases, dementia may occur. However, at present, the characteristics of brain changes and the pathogenesis of T2DM cognitive impairment have not been elucidated. Magnetic resonance imaging plays an important role in the study of brain structural changes in T2DM cognitive impairment. With the development of magnetic resonance technology, some advanced imaging techniques such as diffusion volume imaging, perfusion weighted imaging, blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging and spectral imaging are widely used in the study of T2DM encephalopathy. This article reviews the evaluation of brain structural changes in T2DM complicated with cognitive impairment by magnetic resonance imaging.
