目的:探讨下颏抗阻力训练(Chin Tuck against Resistance, CTAR)在老年肌少症合并吞咽障碍患者中的应用效果。方法:本研究选取60例在医院老年病区收治的肌少症合并吞咽障碍患者,随机分为对照组和干预组。两组均接受常规的治疗与护理,干预组在此基础上接受为期6周的CTAR训练。研究在干预前及干预6周后对患者进行评估,采用洼田饮水试验(Water Swallow Test, WST)评估吞咽功能,微型营养评定法(Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form, MNA-SF)评估营养状况,吞咽相关生存质量量表(Swallowing Quality-of-Life Questionnaire, SWAL-QOL)评估生活质量。数据使用SPSS 26.0进行统计分析,并遵循意向性分析原则。结果:干预6周后,干预组的WST评分较对照组显著降低,组间差异具有统计学意义(P P P > 0.05)。结论:CTAR能够有效改善老年肌少症合并吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能和生活质量,但对营养状况未显示明显改善效果。Objective: To explore the effects of chin tuck against resistance (CTAR) in elderly patients with sarcopenia and dysphagia. Methods: A total of 60 elderly patients with sarcopenia and dysphagia who were admitted to the geriatric ward of the hospital were selected and randomly assigned to the control group and intervention group. Both groups received standard treatment and care, with the intervention group additionally undergoing 6 weeks of CTAR training. Evaluations were conducted before and after the 6-week intervention, using the Water Swallow Test (WST) to assess swallowing function, the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) to assess nutritional status, and the Swallowing Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (SWAL-QOL) to assess quality of life. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0, following the intention-to-treat analysis principle. Results: After 6 weeks of intervention, the WST scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P P
目的探索肌少症与吞咽障碍的相关性,以期能加深医护人员对两者间相关性的认识。方法系统检索多个数据库,包括万方数据知识服务平台、维普网、中国知网、CBM、PubMed、Web of Science、EMbase、Cochrane library、CINAHL、Medline。搜索关于肌少症与吞咽障碍相关的文献,由2名研究人员分别进行文献筛选、提取数据并对文献进行质量评价,所获数据采用RevMan5.4软件和Stata17.0软件进行统计分析。结果共检索4157篇文献,经过逐层筛选后最终纳入10篇文献,包括4359例研究对象。Meta分析结果显示,与无肌少症相比,合并肌少症的患者发生吞咽障碍的风险更高(OR=4.58,95%CI 2.96~7.11)。因此,对于肌少症患者要重视早期预防,降低吞咽障碍的发生。结论肌少症患者易发生吞咽障碍,肌少症与吞咽障碍的发病风险为正相关,但受纳入文献的质量和数量的限制,上述结论可待更多高质量、大样本的相关研究来进行验证。
