采用Griffiths法直接提取土壤微生物基因组DNA,并通过实时荧光定量PCR技术分析土壤微生物16 SrRNA基因数量,对茶园及其附近森林和菜园土壤的细菌丰度及其影响因素进行了研究。结果表明,茶园土壤细菌丰度在0.01×108~20.32×10816 S rRNA基因拷贝数/g之间,平均为3.70×10816 S rRNA基因拷贝数/g,与酸性森林土壤大致相当,但明显低于中性菜园土壤。土壤细菌丰度与pH和微生物量C呈极显著正相关（P〈0.001）,但与施N量和茶树种植年限呈极显著负相关（P〈0.01）,与土壤有机C和全N含量的相关性不明显。多元回归分析表明,影响土壤细菌丰度最重要的因子是土壤pH,其他依次为树龄和施氮量。可见,提高茶园土壤细菌数量和微生物多样性的有效办法是适当提高土壤pH值,同时避免过量施用氮肥;对于改植换种的老茶园,改良土壤也是必不可少的。
Environmental problem is one of three major issues of common concern in the world today.Being a developing socialist country,the environmental problems in china are even more prominent,mainly in population expansion,sharp decrease of global forest areas,soil erosion,acid rain pollution,water pollution and so on.This essay is to introduce the present status,formation causes and hazardous condition of acid rain pollution in china.Some feasible and effective control measures are put forward according to the actual situation in China.
