搜索到99892篇“ BLACKS“的相关文章
19世纪英国医学界对黑人精神形象的塑造及其影响被引量:1
2024年
近代英帝国的扩张及黑奴贸易活动使英国医学界有更多接触和研究黑人等“有色人种”的机会。基于18世纪后期逐步兴起的“多源论”,以及对黑人“生理缺陷”的初步认知,英国医学界在19世纪依据颅相学、气质学和人种病理学等一系列更具歧视性的“种族科学”,对黑人的“精神缺陷”和“精神疾病”进行了构建与研究。这不仅推动了“多源论”的进一步兴起,也衍生出一种具有种族主义色彩的文明观念,使得黑人等“有色人种”被塑造为在生理和精神上皆有“缺陷”的“不文明”的“低等种族”。此类认知迎合了近代西方殖民者固有的种族偏见及扩张需求,在19世纪中后期进一步催生出一种替西方殖民扩张辩护的“文明使命”论,为西方殖民者奴役和支配“有色人种”提供了重要的理论依据。
吴晗蒋琳琳
关键词:黑人
基于不同商业化炭黑的PEMFC微孔层的耐腐蚀性能
2024年
反极产生的高电位会对微孔层造成不可逆的碳腐蚀损伤,严重缩短了PEMFC的寿命,因此研究由反极引发的微孔层中的碳腐蚀问题对强化PEMFC耐久性具有重要的科学意义。选择4种不同石墨化程度的商业化炭黑制成微孔层,分析其高电位腐蚀前后的性能。结果表明提高炭黑的石墨化程度、降低其比表面积,腐蚀后GDL表面亲疏水性、表面形貌、孔结构等物理性质的退化程度有所缓解,单电池性能的衰退程度也减轻。四种炭黑的抗腐蚀强度为乙炔黑>XC-72>科琴黑>BP2000,由乙炔黑制备的GDL经过电化学腐蚀后各项物理性质几乎没有退化,单电池性能衰退程度较低。这为开发具有优异抗反极能力的阳极微孔层,提高PEMFC耐久性提供重要的理论依据。
刘金鑫张立昌谭金婷
关键词:质子交换膜燃料电池微孔层
钛酸钡/炭黑/PDMS三元压电复合薄膜及其在振动能量采集器上的应用研究
2024年
制备了性能优越的三元无铅钛酸钡/炭黑/PDMS(BaTiO_(3)/C/PDMS)压电复合薄膜。周期振动击打下BaTiO_(3)/C/PDMS压电复合薄膜输出电压为7.43 V,比BaTiO_(3)/PDMS压电复合薄膜的输出电压增加了143%。当导电材料C的质量分数为3.2 wt%时,BaTiO_(3)/C/PDMS复合薄膜可获得最大输出电压,且压电性能和铁电性能最优。复合薄膜产生的电能可储存至超级电容器,用于驱动对应的商用发光二极管。将BaTiO_(3)/PDMS和BaTiO_(3)/C/PDMS基复合压电材料分别应用于非对称振动能量采集器,实验结果表明系统的-3 dB带宽由未填充C时的8.7 Hz增加到填充C后的9.3 Hz。
罗翠线贾文涛侯娇红张卫
电力电缆半导电屏蔽料用导电炭黑性能研究
2023年
导电炭黑作为半导电屏蔽料的关键组分,其品质直接影响半导电屏蔽料的应用电压等级。由于我国半导电屏蔽料用导电炭黑发展较晚,目前仅有少量企业能够生产满足中压电缆半导电屏蔽料用导电炭黑(以下简称“中压导电炭黑”),然而高压电缆半导电屏蔽料用高品质导电炭黑(以下简称“高压导电炭黑”)仍完全依赖进口。中压导电炭黑与高压导电炭黑结构与性能的差异性不明确已成为限制我国高压导电炭黑自主可控生产的主要因素。基于此,通过选择中压导电炭黑与高压导电炭黑,对其结构与性能进行对比研究。实验结果表明:中压导电炭黑与高压导电炭黑在微观形态没有明显区别,均呈现典型的葡萄串状结构,且粒径尺寸均主要分布在35~70 nm范围。相比于中压导电炭黑,高压导电炭黑石墨化程度更高,导电性能更为优异,并且洁净度更好,仅含有碳、氧两种元素,且氧含量更低。此外,高压导电炭黑具有更好的热稳定性和更低的残炭率。以上研究结果阐明了导电炭黑影响半导电屏蔽料应用电压等级的关键结构与性能,提出了国内导电炭黑的性能提升方向,有望为高压导电炭黑研发提供重要数据支撑和技术支持,进而推动我国高压电缆的完全自主可控发展。
侯帅王智星展云鹏朱闻博傅明利杨前程赵莉华贾利川
关键词:高压电缆半导电屏蔽料导电炭黑
经济全球化视角下的美国后工业社会黑人阶层分化研究
2023年
在经济全球化的作用下,二战后美国经济结构发生了巨大的变化,以蓝领工人中产阶级为主体的社会阶层结构,也出现了相应的变迁和结构性重组。同时,笼罩在种族主义阴霾下的美国黑人,也产生了阶层分化的现象,即一部分黑人步入了中上阶层,而另一部分黑人却被固化在了社会底层。而黑人中上阶层和黑人底层阶层之间,既存在着族裔上和文化上的包容与认同,又出现了阶级上和经济上的分化与冲突。
石光宇
关键词:美国黑人阶层分化后工业社会经济全球化
Morality and Realpolitik:The Ideas of American Upper Class in the North on the Blacks and Slavery Before the Civil War
2022年
The condemnations of black slavery were not common before the mid-18th century,and they were mostly based on Christian egalitarianism.Around the American Revolution,with the spread of the theory of natural rights,many social elites believed that slavery deprived blacks of their natural rights and violated the principle of equality in a democratic republic.Anti-slavery gradually became the mainstream public opinion.However,since slaves were private property of many politicians,the abolition of slavery would act against the interests of white elites,and the ideology of racial confrontation between blacks and whites provided an identity to the white community.Therefore,slavery was reserved from the founding period.In the mid-19th century,various social reforms arose.Humanitarianism was deeply rooted in elites'minds,and the idea that blacks have the general attributes of human beings is gradually accepted by educated white people.The sense of dignity of work in the North constituted a different value from the South and became another theoretical basis for public voice to criticize slavery.However,for the sake of party unity and the national interest,the abolition were not put into practice until the Civil War broke out.By the middle of the 19th century,although the public opinion of anti-slavery was formed in the North,the upper class elites held the position of realpolitik while balancing the morality of abolition and the economic and political interests.
Gao Yue
关键词:BLACKSSLAVERYHUMANITARIANISM
Liquid crystal-powered Mie resonators for electrically tunable photorealistic color gradients and dark blacks被引量:13
2022年
Taking inspiration from beautiful colors in nature,structural colors produced from nanostructured metasurfaces have shown great promise as a platform for bright,highly saturated,and high-resolution colors.Both plasmonic and dielectric materials have been employed to produce static colors that fulfil the required criteria for high-performance color printing,however,for practical applications in dynamic situations,a form of tunability is desirable.Combinations of the additive color palette of red,green,and blue enable the expression of further colors beyond the three primary colors,while the simultaneous intensity modulation allows access to the full color gamut.Here,we demonstrate an electrically tunable metasurface that can represent saturated red,green,and blue pixels that can be dynamically and continuously controlled between on and off states using liquid crystals.We use this to experimentally realize ultrahigh-resolution color printing,active multicolor cryptographic applications,and tunable pixels toward high-performance full-color reflective displays.
Trevon BadloeJoohoon KimInki KimWon-Sik KimWook Sung kimYoung-Ki KimJunsuk Rho
关键词:PRINTINGCOLORS
《宠儿》中黑人记忆的“现时化”
2022年
托利·莫里森的小说《宠儿》是伴随着人物记忆展开的,而小说本身也承载了关于黑人过去的民族记忆。从个人记忆到集体记忆的唤起,从个人遭遇到民族遭遇的共鸣,莫里森展现给读者的是黑人民族所遭受的屈辱与苦难,而她就是要让“历史重新记忆”。在当代,“重新记忆”不再只是记忆的“重复”,更重要的是实现记忆的“现时化”,即赋予记忆新的意义。小说《宠儿》不仅是对黑人悲惨遭遇记忆的保存与重现,它还试图将“现时化”的记忆传递下去,以激活黑人的民族文化记忆,保持对他们过去所受苦难经历的鲜活性,从而避免悲惨历史的再现。
刘婷
关键词:文化记忆现时性非裔美国人
U-Blacks Mineralization in Sandstone Uranium Deposits
2022年
Ores of infiltration sandstone-hosted uranium deposits in the sedimentary cover are ubiquitous composed of dispersed soot powder mineralization of black,brownish-black colour.Longterm studies of such loose U-ores by analytical transmission electron microscopy(ATEM)proved their polymineral nature.Uranium blacks are composed by at least three different U-mineral forms:oxide(uraninite),silicate(coffinite)and phosphate(ningyoite)which are present in various proportions of ore compositions.Such high dispersed friable uranium formations are difficult to diagnose by traditional mineralogical methods(optical,XRD,IR and X-ray spectroscopy,etc.)which analyze total sample composition(phases mixture);their results characterize the dominant sample phase,omitting both sharply subordinate and X-ray amorphous phases.All research results are based on ATEM methods(SAED+EDS),which are optimal for crystallochemical diagnostics in the mineralogical study of such uranium ores.The article presents the diagnostic characteristics under electron microscope(EM)of uranous minerals from different sandstone deposits with their origin being discussed.
Olga A.Doynikova
关键词:URANINITECOFFINITE
Ultrasmall AuPd nanoclusters on amine-functionalized carbon blacks as high-performance bi-functional catalysts for ethanol electrooxidation and formic acid dehydrogenation被引量:1
2022年
The synthesis of ultrasmall metal nanoclusters(NCs) with high catalytic activities is of great importance for the development of clean and renewable energy technologies but remains a challenge. Here we report a facile wet-chemical method to prepare ~1.0 nm Au Pd NCs supported on amine-functionalized carbon blacks. The Au Pd NCs exhibit a specific activity of 5.98 mA cm_(AuPd)^(-2)and mass activity of 5.25 A mg_(auPd)^(-1) for ethanol electrooxidation, which are far better than those of commercial Pd/C catalysts(1.74 mAcm_(AuPd)^(-2) and 0.54 A mg_(Pd)^(-1) ). For formic acid dehydrogenation, the Au Pd NCs have an initial turn over frequency of 49339 h^(-1) at 298 K without any additive, which is much higher than those obtained for most of reported Au Pd catalysts. The reported synthesis may represent a facile and low-cost approach to prepare other ultrasmall metal NCs with high catalytic activities for various applications.
Yuhuan CuiMing ZhaoYining ZouJunyu ZhangJiuhui HanZhili WangQing Jiang
关键词:NANOCLUSTERS

相关作者

吕波
作品数:2被引量:7H指数:1
供职机构:云南大学滇池学院
研究主题:茶艺表演 审美 肢体语言 IDENTITY 黑人文化
陈国娟
作品数:1被引量:0H指数:0
供职机构:广西大学梧州分校
研究主题:IDENTITY 寻找自我 心路历程 BLACKS SELF
陈燕琼
作品数:23被引量:19H指数:3
供职机构:乐山师范学院
研究主题:文化 告白 无声 汉语 基督教
王昕
作品数:34被引量:31H指数:3
供职机构:乐山师范学院
研究主题:音乐 多模态话语 多模态话语分析 高级英语 像册
马雪涛
作品数:2被引量:0H指数:0
供职机构:陕西师范大学
研究主题:INTERPRETATION ECOLOGICAL 压抑 BLACKS BELOVED