The major countries in the world all pay close attention to psychological warfare. Differences in environment, cultural traditions, political system, economic strength,and national spiritual belief lead to a great distinction in various nationstyinsubjective cognition, ideological basis, principles of application and structure of organization of psychological warfare. The author makes acomparative study of the differences between China and the West in the acknowledgement, theoretical basis, strategic application and strengthbuildup of psychological warfare, which is of great significance for us inunderstanding the characteristics and laws of psychological warfare, adapting to the requirement of present-day psychological struggle in the worldand constructing a more favorable national security environment.