通过低温球磨制备纳米晶7050合金粉体,利用电感耦合法(ICP)测定粉体化学成分,用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)等手段分析球磨过程中粉体的组织演化。结果表明:获得的纳米晶7050合金粉体杂质含量较低;球磨过程中粉体平均颗粒尺寸逐渐增大,分布范围宽化;粉体的晶粒尺寸在球磨过程中不断减小,经6h球磨后为34nm;微观应变先增大后减小;第二相在球磨过程中逐渐消失,最终全部过饱和固溶于基体中。位错胞演化机理(Evolution of dislocation cells)在球磨过程中对晶粒细化起主导作用,断裂冷焊机理(Fracture and cold welding)为辅助细化方式。
Two kinds of high strength-damping aluminum alloys （LZ7） were fabricated by rapid solidification and powder metallurgy （RS-PM） process. One material was extruded to profile aluminum directly and the other was extruded to bar and then rolled to sheet. The damping capacity over a temperature range of 25-300 ℃was studied with damping mechanical thermal analyzer （DMTA） and the microstructures were investigated by optical microscopy （OM）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The experimental results show that the damping capacity increases with the test temperature elevating. Internal friction value of rolled sheet aluminum is up to 11.5×10^-2 and that of profile aluminum is as high as 6.0×10^-2 and 7.5×10^-2 at 300 ℃, respectively. Microstructure analysis shows the shape of precipitation phase of rolled alloy is more regular and the distribution is more homogeneous than that of profile alloy. Meanwhile, the interface between particulate and matrix of rolled sheet alloy is looser than that of profile alloy. Maybe the differences at interface can explain why damping capacity of rolled sheet alloy is higher than that of profile alloys at high temperature （above 120 ℃）.
